Joseph, typical of the male chauvinists in the 1940s, resolves to grip his ruling position in the family, and cultivate his wife into the model intellectual that he would like her to be. With his prejudice against women in mind, he deems it useless to probe into his wife’s inner world. No wonder that he has never been seen to exchange feeling with his wife. Despite all her meekness, Iva dearly cherishes her independence and individuality. Although Joseph desperately tries to remold her, yet, the more he attempts, the more she rebels against his manipulation. For instance, she opposes her husband’s will and insists that they accept the invitation to a party offered by their friend, Minna. At the party, Joseph orders her not to drink too much alcohol, but to his surprise, she disobeys him by asserting her own will, indulging herself in excessive drinking. As a result she gets dead drunk.
On account of the mutual resentments, the couple become estranged from one another. Devoid of emotional exchange, Joseph turns to another woman Kitty Daumler, so as to take “some pleasure in Kitty’s rooms” (81). Apparently Bellow intends to describe Kitty as a symbol of the protagonist’s irrational and sensual nature, which implies the conflict between the flesh and the soul, emotion and rationality within Joseph himself and every man. Joseph and Kitty yield to each other only because both need physically to meet their biological demands. No real love can be found between them. Sex is totally separated from love. But that turns out to be short-lived. Kitty, as a single woman, needs a man to solace her solitary soul. When Joseph declares their break-up, she commences to seek another substitute to replace him. When putting his affair with Kitty to an end, he earns a revelation about marriage and individual freedom. From this time onwards, he starts to understand Iva better.
No matter how they draw apart from each other, Joseph has never forgot the happy days they spent together. One day, Joseph is in bed with a cold, and his wife “at her most ample and generous best”(98) comes home to nurse him for an hour then they fell asleep together. Joseph has been ignoring his wife for so long because she does not live up to his expectation. But at this very moment he can feel her full existence; she is so valuable and dear to him -— even her breathing mingles with his. As a result, two halves have achieved a perfect harmonious integrity.
Though contaminated by prejudice for sometime, Joseph finally comes to see that it is wrong of him to cry to convert his wife’s personality, in-as-much as his wife has never attempted to change. Joseph becomes more respectful to his wife’s personality for he has now fully understood the meaning of the word “freedom”: The quest is one and the same...the difference in our personal histories, which hitherto meant so much to us, become of minor importance. (128)
On account of the mutual resentments, the couple become estranged from one another. Devoid of emotional exchange, Joseph turns to another woman Kitty Daumler, so as to take “some pleasure in Kitty’s rooms” (81). Apparently Bellow intends to describe Kitty as a symbol of the protagonist’s irrational and sensual nature, which implies the conflict between the flesh and the soul, emotion and rationality within Joseph himself and every man. Joseph and Kitty yield to each other only because both need physically to meet their biological demands. No real love can be found between them. Sex is totally separated from love. But that turns out to be short-lived. Kitty, as a single woman, needs a man to solace her solitary soul. When Joseph declares their break-up, she commences to seek another substitute to replace him. When putting his affair with Kitty to an end, he earns a revelation about marriage and individual freedom. From this time onwards, he starts to understand Iva better.
No matter how they draw apart from each other, Joseph has never forgot the happy days they spent together. One day, Joseph is in bed with a cold, and his wife “at her most ample and generous best”(98) comes home to nurse him for an hour then they fell asleep together. Joseph has been ignoring his wife for so long because she does not live up to his expectation. But at this very moment he can feel her full existence; she is so valuable and dear to him -— even her breathing mingles with his. As a result, two halves have achieved a perfect harmonious integrity.
Though contaminated by prejudice for sometime, Joseph finally comes to see that it is wrong of him to cry to convert his wife’s personality, in-as-much as his wife has never attempted to change. Joseph becomes more respectful to his wife’s personality for he has now fully understood the meaning of the word “freedom”: The quest is one and the same...the difference in our personal histories, which hitherto meant so much to us, become of minor importance. (128)
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